Nigeria is rich is solid mineral resources, such as: Kaolin, gypsum, mica, clay, tantalite, iron ore, gemstone, silica sand.
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India is the largest producer of direct reduction of iron (DRI), popularly known as sponge iron and accounted for about 39.3% of the global production in 2020. India's growing …
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Rotary Kiln Design Requirements The following information is required to determine the tube OD, tube ID, tube length, tube rotation speed, the tube inclination angle, and the tube material: Cement Lime Refractories Metakaolin Titanium dioxide Alumina Vermiculite Iron ore pellets LECA Plant--Light Weight Expanded Clay Aggregate Plant Oil ...
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In book: Encyclopedia of Iron, Steel, and Their Alloys (pp.pp 1082-1108) Chapter: i) Direct Reduced Iron: Production; Publisher: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, New York.
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rotary kilns. The present study, on cold models, was under- taken to assess the importance of various parameters influ- encing the flow of materials in sponge iron rotary kilns. B In rotary kiln based direct reduction processes, it is essen- tial to identify the optimized flow conditions which give rise
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Download scientific diagram | Schematic flowsheet of rotary-kiln sponge iron process. from publication: Comprehensive Utilization of Iron-Bearing Converter Wastes | …
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The design of a rotary kiln for producing sponge iron is an energy-intensive process. The energy required to produce one ton of sponge iron is approximately 4,500,000 kilojoules (kJ). In order to achieve an optimum design, the …
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Keywords: Sponge Iron, Heat Transfer, Rotary Kiln . 1. Introduction . In Rotary kiln, carbon is charged from either end, in one end in the form of coal particles and in another in form of coal lumps. The coal reacts with air to form carbon monoxide which then reduces iron oxide (ore) to iron. So, in a kiln,
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The present work investigates the design modifications which can lead to efficient energy integration in coal-based sponge iron plant with a capacity of 500 t/day. For the present energy integration investigations, two scenarios: 1 and 2 are proposed and compared with the existing one. During the operation in coal-based sponge iron plant, a …
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VOL. 5 NO. 1 OCTOBER, 2010 STEEL TECH 11 from an industrial coal-based sponge iron rotary kiln process. We have developed a fairly comprehensive mathematical model for the direct reduction of iron ore
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Sponge Iron. SIPL is operating 4 x 100 TPD Direct Reduced Iron Rotary Kilns for production of 2000 TPA Sponge Iron at Purulia, using the proven German SL/RN technology. Sponge Iron, also known as Direct Reduced Iron is produced from Hematite Iron ore (5 to 18 mm size) by removing the oxygen by direct reduction process using …
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The 2D geometry of rotary kiln of sponge iron process is developed using ANSYS 14.5 and shown in Fig. 2. Feed, a mixture of iron ore, coal and dolomite, enters to the kiln as indicated in Fig. 2. In this figure primary air enters from discharge end whereas, secondary air enters the kiln through different nozzles placed at the periphery of the ...
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However, for coal-based DR the reductant is generated from non-coking coal and rotary kilns, rotary hearth furnaces and multi-hearth furnaces are used (Ghosh and Chatterjee, 2017). It has been estimated that approximately 65-75% of sponge iron production cost is attributed to the cost of raw materials (Indian Bureau of Mines, 2011).
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Sponge generation iron plant Design of modifications Payback period ... Rotary Cooler Sponge iron (magnetic) At 110 oC Water: at 30 oC DSC 900 C 1020 C Dust: ABC Air: WHRB Waste gas Water: ESP Dust ... gas from ESP outlet to rotary kiln an insulated duct, which is a hollow cylinder of 43m length and 0.6m diameter, is used. ...
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Dynamic quality prediction and control in rotary sponge iron kilns. Shibu Meher 1, Puneet Choudhary 2, Vijay Surya Vempati 3, Brahma Deo 1 and Partho Chattopadhyay 4. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 872, Second International Conference on …
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3.2 Iron Ore Preheating Rotary Kiln Using Waste Heat Recovery System 20 3.3 Coal Gasification for Partial Substitution in Rotary Kiln 22 3.4 Waste Heat Recovery-based Absorption Chiller 23 3.5 Decentralized Control of Shell Air Fans 25 3.6 Mullite-based Kiln Lining 26 3.7 Switch Over to Iron Ore Pellets 27
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2D CFD model of rotary kiln of sponge iron process is developed to study the effects of angle of inclination, number of rotation and mass flow rate of iron ore on output …
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CFD analysis of heat transfer in freeboard of rotary kiln was done with licence version of ANSYS 13.0, authorized by NIT Rourkela. ANSYS 13.0 is an engineering simulation software (Computer-Aided Engineering. Kiln of a typical Sponge Iron producing plant having capacity 500 Tons Per Day was modelled and simulated with CFD package …
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sponge iron has been developed in which non-coking coal is essentially used as the reductant. For easy scaling up of the T1SCO Direct Reduction (TDR) process to units of …
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We design custom solutions to provide effective and low-maintenance rotary kilns operations for quality sponge iron production through our extensive knowledge and expertise. Sponge iron, also called Direct-reduced iron (DRI) is produced from direct reduction of iron ore by a reducing gas produced from coal.
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This paper presents an approach to find the best modification in the coal-based sponge iron process with an aim to integrate energy in it. For this purpose, a few energy conservation cases are formulated by integrating unutilized energy present in possible areas of process flow sheet. When unutilized energy of the process is properly …
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Pressure inside a coal fired sponge iron rotary kiln depends on several operating parameters such as coal injection rate, ore feed rate, moisture, and primary and secondary air blow rates ...
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In conventional coal based sponge iron plant, Fig. 1, kiln feed (Stream no. 1), which consists of iron ore, feed coal and dolomite, is fed to the rotary kiln (RK).A separate conveyor collects different size fractions of coal (Stream no. 5) for injection into the kiln with the help of pressurized air (Stream no. 4) from discharge end side.
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Modeling of Rotary Kiln for Sponge Iron Processing Using CFD package (ANSYS 13.0) A Thesis Submitted for Partial Fulfillment of the Degree Award Of MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY In CHEMICAL …
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Fig 2 Principle of direct reduction process. Gas based process. In the gas based reduction processes, a vertical shaft kiln is used in which iron ore is fed into the top of the kiln and finished sponge iron is drawn off from the bottom after cooling it so as to prevent its re-oxidation.
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The company is able to manufacture 0.225 MTPA of Sponge Iron per annum. Each Rotary Kiln is 70 meters long, 4.4 meters wide and inclined at 2.5%. The kilns each have a thick 250mm refractory lining inside, 3 support rollers and a dual drive with two 155 kW DC Motors. Each Kiln also has seven shell air fans and air tubes for air supply inside ...
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A rotary kiln is comprised of a rotating cylinder (called the drum), sized speciically to meet the temperature and retention time requirements of the material to be processed. The …
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2. Kiln Based Sponge Iron Production Process Rotary kilns are found in many processes that involve processing of solids. This study focuses on sponge iron kiln based process. The chemical process involved in making sponge iron removes oxygen from iron ore by using a reducing agent in the form of non-coking coal [5].
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The quality of sponge iron produced in the coal-fired rotary kilns at TATA Steel Long Products Limited (TSLPL) is permitted to vary in a small window of 80-83% Fe.
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Thermal Systems provides effiicient Waste Heat Recovery Boilers at the exhaust of the DRI Kilns in the Sponge Iron Plant . ... Inline & Offset design suitable for existing plant layout; Vertical / Horizontal Water- Tube Boiler ... It is produced by the reduction of iron ore by non- coking coal in a rotary kiln, thereby generating hot flue gases
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1. Krupp Sponge Iron Process The Krupp. Sponge iron process uses a rotary kiln for the reduction of high grade lump ores or pellets (Fig. 1). The feed is introduced together with …
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PDF | Sponge iron is being increasingly made using coal in a rotary kiln in India. In the design and operation of the kiln, aerodynamics plays an... | Find, read and cite all the research you need ...
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